Common laboratory reagents, drug toxicity and treatment
Release time:2021-11-01 17:24:08
Common laboratory reagents, drug toxicity and treatment:
As a laboratory worker, you often deal with various reagents and drugs in the laboratory, but how much do you know about their toxicity and emergency treatment methods after poisoning?
Today we will talk about the emergency treatment methods for bromine, caustic alkali and lime burns in the laboratory:
Bromine burn: Bromine is a halogen element. The skin burns quickly after contact. This is very dangerous. Wounds burned by bromine generally do not heal easily and must be strictly prevented.
Treatment of bromine burns: When bromine is used, an appropriate amount of 20% Na2S2O3 solution must be prepared in advance. Once there is bromine on the skin, immediately rinse with Na2S2O3 solution, then rinse with plenty of water, wrap it with sterile gauze and seek medical attention. It can also be washed with alcohol immediately, coated with glycerin, and massaged vigorously to cover the wound. If your eyes are irritated by bromine vapor and cannot be opened for the time being, look into the bottle containing chloroform or alcohol for a while.
Caustic alkali burn: Caustic alkali refers to sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, which are strongly corrosive and irritating. After burns, the wound surface is sticky bone or soap-like eschar, and the color is flushing. It is generally dark, usually in deep II Above degree, the pain is severe, and after the wound tissue falls off, the wound surface is sunken and the edges are sneaky, and it often does not heal for a long time. The key to the treatment of caustic burns lies in the early and timely flushing with cold water. The flushing time is longer. Some people advocate flushing for 24 hours instead of using neutralizers. Deep wounds should also be cut early. Gastric lavage and vomiting are contraindicated after taking caustic so as to prevent perforation of the stomach and esophagus. Small doses of olive oil, 5% acetic acid or edible vinegar, lemon juice can be taken orally, which will naturally fall off bad tissues and form granulation For wounds, applying a 1% citric acid solution wet compress on the granulation wound for 24 hours can lower the pH and increase the survival rate of skin grafts.
Lime burn: quicklime (calcium oxide) and water generate calcium hydroxide (slaked lime), and release a lot of heat. When lime burns, the wound is drier and brown and darker. Note that the lime powder should be wiped clean before washing with water to prevent heat generation and aggravate the wound.
